What is Paraganglioma?

Paraganglioma is a tumor that is closely related to pheochromocytoma. It originates from outside the adrenal glands , specifically from the parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous system. Paragangliomas are much less common than pheochromocytomas. Just like pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma is also characterized by the presence of an excess amount of hormones called catecholamines, which include metanephrine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), epinephrine (adrenaline), and dopamine. Some pheochromocytomas or paragangliomas, although very few, can be biochemically silent, thus do not produce any catecholamines.
Paragangliomas are most often located in the head and neck region, chest, abdomen, or pelvis. Paragangliomas are more likely to be cancerous than pheochromocytomas.

How Are Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Treated?

Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, if detected early, can be successfully treated and managed in 90% of cases. The treatment of choice for the condition is surgery. Chemotherapy or radiotherapy as a treatment option is currently being tested in clinical trials. For information on current clinical trials on treatment of pheochromocytoma, please see Research .
However, if left untreated, the tumor is likely to be fatal due to high blood pressure, heart failure, stroke, arrhythmias, or metastatic disease (where the cancer spreads to other organs or bones).

Before Surgery

Prior to surgery, all patients should receive medications to minimize any surgery-related complications. The main goal of the administration of these medications is to normalize blood pressure and heart rate and to protect the patient from the effects of high levels of hormones (catecholamines) released during surgery.
The medications used include ?-adrenergic antagonists, ?-adrenergic antagonists, calcium channel blockers, and catecholamine synthesis inhibitors.

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