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Although Meniere's Disease has existed for over a hundred years, it still remains to be a very mysterious condition. The disease has a very unpredictable progression, no real known risk factors and causative agents and no known cure. A lot of experts and doctors are still trying to find ways in order to help patients cope with distressing symptoms like hearing loss.
Meniere's Disease was named after the French physician who first discovered and described the condition in 1861, Prosper Ménière. The condition is a disorder of the inner ear wherein its normal fluid balance regulating system is not functioning properly. The problem would then result in a variety of symptoms like episodes of dizziness or vertigo, tinnitus or high-pitched ringing in the ears, feeling of pressure or fullness in the ear and on and off hearing loss. The entire labyrinth including the cochlea and semicircular canals are affected. The disease affects both males and females usually aged 40 years old and above.
The episodes of symptoms can occur in clusters wherein several attacks occur simultaneously within a small amount of time. It is also possible for episodes to relapse and recur after a number of years. After acute episodes, patients usually experience absent or mild symptoms of tinnitus and lack of balance.
Most cases of Meniere's Disease begin with one affected ear then later on progresses to affect both ears. In a span of 30 years, around half of all patients have both ears affected. An acute episode can be temporarily debilitating but the disease is never fatal.
Meniere's Disease is not very rare affecting only an estimated 0.2% of the American population. There is no true known cause for the condition although some suggest that fluctuating pressure of the fluid found inside the inner ear or hydrops is contributory. The membranous labyrinth is a system of membranes inside the ear containing fluid called endolymph. When pressure increases in the ear due to reasons like blockage of the endolymphatic duct, the membranes dilate. If the pressure becomes too great, the thin membrane between the endolymphatic and perilymphatic chambers can rupture causing fluids from both chambers to mix. Since the fluids have different chemical properties, the inner ear experiences trauma.
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