It is the most universal form of cancer in men worldwide whereas, the fifth most common form of cancer in women.
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In medical terminology, the malevolent transformation and expansion of lung tissues causes cancer in lungs, in simple words, the rapid growth of abnormal cells in the lungs leads to cancer which may start anywhere in the lungs and cause respiratory issues, healthy tissues are destroyed and invaded and the whole body is affected.
When examined under a microscope by a pathologist lung cancer can be of two types, namely:'
• Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC): This type of cancer accounts for 20% of lung cancer, with smoking being one of the most common causes for SCLC.
• Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): NSCLC is accountable for 80% of lung cancers, which have related symptoms. This includes Squamous cell carcinoma (also called epidermoid carcinoma), Large Cell Carcinoma, Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Treatment of cancer (lung) varies as it is based on the exact location and the extent of spread. Usually, there are no definite signs or symptoms in the early stages, as they only occur later in the advance stages.
It is only on a routine chest X-ray or CT scan that cancer (in the lungs) in the form of coin lesions, is detected in its tumour form which looks like a coin. Some of the symptoms of cancer (lung) include:
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• A persistent cough which worsens with time
• Aggravation of an existing chronic cough
• Blood being coughed up
• Breathing difficulties such as shortness of breath accompanied by hoarseness and wheezing
• Constant chest pain
• Repeated attacks of bronchitis or pneumonia
• Swollen face and neck
• Unexplained weight loss and/or fatigue
Some other symptoms related with late-stage cancer (lung) include:
• Headache, bone pain, aching joints, bleeding or blood clots,
• Bone fractures not related to accidental injury,
• Neurologic symptoms- unsteady walk and/or intervallic memory loss.
The numbers of deaths caused by cancer (in the lungs) are more as compared to the total number of deaths caused by colon, prostate, ovarian, lymph and breast cancers combined. About 85% of lung cancer cases are due to cigarette smoking. This is based on the correlation between the number of cigarettes smoked and the number of years of indulging in the vice. However, the risk of developing lung cancer can be reduced by quitting smoking, as 90% of lung cancer is due to tobacco use.
The breast cancer survival rate for Stage IIIA breast cancer will vary from 56% to 67% (American Cancer Society).
Stage IIIB can be any size cancer that has spread to other tissue near the breast. It may or may not have spread to the axillary lymph nodes or other lymph nodes.
The survival rate for Stage IIIB breast cancer varies from 49% to 54%.
The sharp decrease in women’s survival from almost 100% survival for Stage 1 breast cancer to approximately 50% survival for Stage 3 breast cancer is controlled by one factor only: early detection. Treatment is most successful for women when the breast cancer is small and localized to the breast tissue only.
Almost 40,000 women die of breast cancer every year in the United States alone. Using early detection procedures to detect breast cancer when it is still at Stage 1 could bring the survival rate back up to almost 100%.
Early detection procedures emphasize monthly self-examinations done at the same time each month. Clinical examinations performed by the health care provider should begin no later than age 20. For women in good health, a clinical exam should be performed every three years from age 20 to age 40. After age 40, clinical breast exams should be part of the annual health check-up, along with the annual mammogram or recommended diagnostic procedures
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