Sleep apnea is the temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep. Technically, a person is said to have sleep apnea if breathing stops for at least ten seconds, five times an hour. Your body responds to the stoppage of breathing by waking you, which leads to sleep apnea sufferers experiencing very poor sleep. In addition, sleep apnea sufferers tend to experience serious health complications including an increased risk for:
· High blood pressure
· Heart attack
· Stroke
· Arrhythmia
In addition, sleep apnea sufferers are liable to experience a number of psychological effects, including:
· Loss of short-term memory
· Poor work performance
· Severe anxiety
· Mood swings
· Depression
· Impotence
Finally, sleep apnea sufferers can suffer serious complications following surgery and are at an increased risk of dying in an automobile accident. Obviously, this is a very serious condition, and discovering whether you have it is very important.
See the Signs
Anyone can suffer from sleep apnea, but the people most at risk for sleep apnea are overweight men over the age of 50. In addition, anyone who has suffered a traumatic brain injury is at an increased risk for sleep apnea.
Although sleep apnea occurs when you are sleeping, it has a number of daytime manifestations. First, if you are experiencing any of the above psychological effects, consider the possibility that you are suffering sleep apnea. In addition, consider your level of daytime sleepiness. You may take a quick test like the Epworth Sleepiness Test which can help you determine whether you have an excessive level of daytime sleepiness. In addition, if you have a cosleeper, ask him or her about snoring, which is commonly associated with obstructive sleep apnea. More important, ask if they notice you gasping or suffering a stoppage of breathing during the night.
Once you begin to suspect sleep apnea, you might begin a sleep journal. A sleep journal should include at least the time you went to bed, the time you woke up, any waking events you have, insomnia, and note days when you feel sleepy, unrested, or irritable during the day. Also, have your cosleeper record any events he or she notes during the night. With this journal, you can develop a comprehensive picture of your sleep habits.
Definite Diagnosis
Once you begin to suspect that you have sleep apnea, you should seek positive diagnosis. Diagnosis of sleep apnea is the first stage in treatment of this completely remediable disease. Diagnosis of sleep apnea is performed by the use of a polysomnogram. A polysomnogram is a comprehensive test of the way you sleep. It monitors:
· Brain activity (via an electroencephalogram (EEG))
· Air flow, chest and abdomen movement
· Continuous oxygen saturation
· Chin and leg movements
· Eye movements and the onset of Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep
· Heart rate and rhythm
By monitoring all these elements simultaneously, the polysomnogram can definitively establish whether you suffer from sleep apnea or not by identifying the number of breathing interruptions you suffer during your sleep. It can tell the amount of time you spend in stage 1, 2,3, and 4 sleep, as well as the amount of time you spend in REM sleep. For diagnosing all sleep problems, the polysomnogram is the gold standard of tests, but it does require an overnight stay in the laboratory.
