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Colon cancer also known as colorectal cancer is cancer cells that are present in the long tube known as the giant intestine and rectum. Some tumors present in this area are called polyps are not cancerous; however, tumors that are malignant are cancer. The polyps can be removed without the worry of spreading the disease, as they are not cancerous. Cancer of the colon or rectum on the other hand, can spread to other areas of the body and tissue. This happens when cancer cells break away from the tumor and travel to other areas of the body, which is called metastasis, and can spread to the liver or the lungs. After metastasis occurs, the prognosis for a full recovery is dim.
The causes of Colon Cancer
As with practically all cancers, the exact causes are not known, however, risk factors that are present may help lead scientists to the answer. The risk factors for developing colon cancer include the following.
Diet
Individuals that eat a diet high in fat are at a higher risk of developing colon cancer. Those that eat a balanced diet and include such things as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables decrease their chances of developing colon cancer.
Colon polyps
Physicians think that untreated polyps create in to colon cancer. In all of cases, these polyps are benign; however, over years without being removed the cells can alter due to chromosome destroy, which can become cancerous.
Ulcerative colitis
Ulcerative colitis can be a cause of colon cancer. This disorder brings on inflammation to the inner lining of the colon. In all of individuals with ulcerative colitis their chances of colon cancer begins to increase after 8 to 10 years of living with the disorder. Research shows colon cancer and individuals with ulcerative colitis include after 10 years 2.5% had colon cancer, after 30 years the rate rose to 7.6%, and after 50 years, it had risen to 10.8%.
Heredity
Past history of relatives with colon cancer increases the risk of this type of cancer. However, 80 percent of all patients do not have a relatives history of the disease.
Signs of Colon Cancer
Plenty of people do not recognize they have colon cancer due to the fact that the signs may not be present for plenty of years after the development of the cancer cells. The signs can differ according to the location of the cancer or the tumor. The right colon is very large and in most cases, the signs are not apparent except for the likelihood of becoming anemic due to iron deficiency due to the cancer. The left colon on the other hand is smaller and may cause partial or complete obstruction of the bowel bringing on constipation, diarrhea, cramps, bloating, and abdominal pain.
The main signs that are present with colon cancer include weakness, fatigue, alter in bowel movements, shortness of breath, diarrhea, constipation, weight loss, cramps, bloating, abdominal pain, irritable bowel syndrome, peptic ulcer disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and diverticulosis.
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